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Hip replacement, also known as hip arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased hip joint is replaced with an artificial implant or prosthesis. This procedure is typically performed to alleviate pain and improve function in individuals with severe hip arthritis, hip fractures, or other hip conditions that have not responded to non-surgical treatments.
Here’s an overview of the hip replacement procedure:
Preparation: Before the surgery, your orthopedic surgeon will conduct a comprehensive evaluation of your hip joint, which may include X-rays, MRI scans, and blood tests. Your medical history and current medications will also be reviewed. If you are considered a suitable candidate for hip replacement, the surgery will be scheduled.
Anesthesia: Hip replacement surgery is usually performed under either general anesthesia (where you are unconscious) or spinal/epidural anesthesia (numbing the lower half of your body while you remain awake). The choice of anesthesia depends on your health and the surgeon’s preference.
Incision: Once you are under anesthesia, the surgeon will make an incision over the hip joint, exposing the damaged joint.
Removal of Damaged Tissue: The surgeon will remove the damaged cartilage and bone from the hip socket (acetabulum) and the upper end of the thigh bone (femur).
Implant Placement: The artificial hip components are then positioned within the prepared bone surfaces. Typically, these components include a metal or ceramic ball that replaces the head of the femur and a socket or cup made of metal, plastic, or ceramic that is inserted into the acetabulum. These components are designed to mimic the natural function of the hip joint.
Stability and Range of Motion: The surgeon will ensure that the components are properly aligned and positioned to provide stability and a full range of motion.
Closure: After confirming proper alignment and function, the surgeon will close the incision with sutures or staples. A sterile dressing is applied over the incision.
Recovery: Following the surgery, you will be transferred to a recovery area and monitored. Physical therapy and rehabilitation usually begin shortly after the procedure to help you regain strength and mobility in your hip. You may be prescribed pain medication and antibiotics to prevent infection.
Hospital Stay: The length of your hospital stay varies, but most people spend a few days in the hospital after hip replacement surgery. Some individuals may undergo outpatient hip replacement and return home on the same day.
Post-operative Care: After discharge, you will continue with physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises to promote healing and restore hip function. Full recovery can take several weeks to months.
Hip replacement surgery can provide significant relief from hip pain and improve your ability to perform daily activities. However, as with any surgery, there are potential risks and complications, including infection, blood clots, and issues related to anesthesia. It is crucial to discuss these risks and benefits with your orthopedic surgeon and follow their recommendations for post-operative care and rehabilitation to achieve the best possible outcome.
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Dr. Pravin Waghmare is a Joint Replacement Surgeon and Spine And Pain Specialist in Pimple Saudagar, Pune and has an experience of 17 years in these fields. Dr. Pravin Waghmare practices at Jeevanjyoti Superspeciality Hospital in Pimple Saudagar, Pune, Varad Joint & Spine Clinic in Wakad, Pune and Pawana Hospital in Talegaon, Pune. He completed MBBS from BJMC Pune in 2006 and DNB – Orthopedics/Orthopedic Surgery from National Board Of Examination in 2011.